糖尿病前期是否会
成为你的健康警钟？
糖尿病前期是否会成为你的健康警钟？
什么是糖尿病前期?
如果你的血糖高于正常值，但仍未达到被视为糖尿病的水平，你就属于糖尿病前期。患有II型糖尿病的人通常都会先经历糖尿病前期阶段1。虽然患上糖尿病前期并不等于你一定会患上糖尿病，但是，如果没有采取措施认真应对这种情况，你有很大可能会最终患上糖尿病1。
值得关注的是，糖尿病前期未必会有明显的症状。仅有约10％患者知道自己处于糖尿病前期的状态，原因在于糖尿病前期往往并没有任何症状2。在马来西亚，糖耐量受损(简称IGT) 的人口盛行率为15.5%，影响大约340 万年龄介于20岁至79岁的成年人3。然而，众所周知每5个大马人中就有1人罹患糖尿病，或相等于大约390万名18岁及以上的成年人4。
糖尿病前期有什么症状?5
这些都是糖尿病前期的症状。
好消息是，即使属于糖尿病前期，你也可以通过谨慎管理饮食和生活方式预防糖尿病，必要时也需要采用药物6。
你应该咨询医生，同时接受糖尿病前期相关的检测。
无论你采取什么方式治疗，糖尿病前期都是你做出积极改变，以延缓病情进展至糖尿病的机会。
我该如何预防糖尿病前期发展为II型糖尿病？
糖尿病前期是一个警讯，表明你有患上II型糖尿病的风险。然而，咨询医生并听从会诊医生的建议，你将有机会逆转糖尿病前期并控制血糖水平7。有时候，结合健康饮食和运动就足以达成上述目标。如果你的情况较为严重，你的医生可能会建议采用药物1。
资料来源:
- Adam G Tabák, Christian Herder, Wolfgang Rathmann, Eric J Brunner and Mika Kivimäki. 2012. Prediabetes: a high-risk state for diabetes development. Lancet 379(9833): 2279-2290. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60283-9.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2020. The Surprising Truth About Prediabetes. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/features/truth-about-prediabetes.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Ffeatures%2Fdiabetesprevention%2Findex.html.
- International Diabetes Federation. 2020. Malaysia: Diabetes Report 2010 – 2045. https://www.diabetesatlas.org/data/en/country/120/my.html.
- National Institutes of Health (NIH). 2018. National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019. Ministry of Health Malaysia. http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/REPORT/NHMS2019/Infographic_Booklet_NHMS_2019-English.pdf.
- Mayo Clinic. 2020. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prediabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355278#:~:text=Your%20risk%20of%20prediabetes%20increases,more%20likely%20to%20develop%20prediabetes.
- American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. 2019. Management of Prediabetes. https://www.aace.com/disease-state-resources/diabetes/depth-information/management-prediabetes.
- American Diabetes Association. 2020. With prediabetes, action is the best medicine. https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-risk/prediabetes.
资料来源:
- Adam G Tabák, Christian Herder, Wolfgang Rathmann, Eric J Brunner and Mika Kivimäki. 2012. Prediabetes: a high-risk state for diabetes development. Lancet 379(9833): 2279-2290. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60283-9.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2020. The Surprising Truth About Prediabetes. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/library/features/truth-about-prediabetes.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov
%2Ffeatures%2Fdiabetesprevention%2Findex.html. - International Diabetes Federation. 2020. Malaysia: Diabetes Report 2010 – 2045. https://www.diabetesatlas.org/data/en/country/
120/my.html. - National Institutes of Health (NIH). 2018. National Health and Morbidity Survey 2019. Ministry of Health Malaysia. http://iku.moh.gov.my/images/IKU/Document/
REPORT/NHMS2019/Infographic_Booklet_
NHMS_2019-English.pdf. - Mayo Clinic. 2020. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prediabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355278#:~:text=Your%20risk%20of%
20prediabetes%20increases,more%20likely%20to%
20develop%20prediabetes. - American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists. 2019. Management of Prediabetes. https://www.aace.com/disease-state-resources/diabetes/depth-information/
management-prediabetes. - American Diabetes Association. 2020. With prediabetes, action is the best medicine. https://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-risk/prediabetes.
